Astigmatism, a common refractive error affecting the eye's shape, can be a source of blurry vision. Many people wonder if their astigmatism can worsen over time. The short answer is: yes, it can, but the degree and reasons behind progression vary. Let's delve deeper into understanding astigmatism progression and what you can do about it.
What is Astigmatism?
Before discussing whether astigmatism can worsen, let's briefly recap what it is. Astigmatism occurs when the cornea (the eye's clear front surface) or the lens isn't perfectly spherical. This irregular shape causes light to refract unevenly onto the retina, resulting in blurred or distorted vision at all distances. Symptoms can include eye strain, headaches, and squinting.
Can Astigmatism Get Worse Over Time?
Yes, astigmatism can worsen over time, particularly during childhood and adolescence. This is because the eye is still developing during these periods. Changes in the cornea's shape, growth spurts, or even eye injuries can contribute to astigmatism progression. However, it's crucial to understand that this isn't always the case. For many adults, their astigmatism remains stable throughout their lives.
What Factors Can Contribute to Astigmatism Worsening?
Several factors can influence whether an astigmatism worsens:
- Age: As mentioned, astigmatism is more likely to change during childhood and adolescence as the eye develops. While changes are less common in adulthood, they can still occur.
- Eye Injuries: Trauma to the eye can alter the cornea's shape, potentially leading to a worsening of astigmatism or the development of astigmatism where none previously existed.
- Underlying Eye Conditions: Certain eye conditions, such as keratoconus (a progressive thinning of the cornea), can cause astigmatism to worsen significantly.
- Genetics: A family history of astigmatism or other refractive errors can increase the likelihood of progression.
How is Astigmatism Diagnosed and Treated?
A comprehensive eye examination is crucial for diagnosing astigmatism and determining its severity. An ophthalmologist or optometrist will use various tests, including a refraction test, to assess your vision and identify the presence and degree of astigmatism.
Treatment typically involves correcting the refractive error to improve vision. Options include:
- Eyeglasses: Eyeglasses with specially shaped lenses correct for astigmatism by bending light appropriately to focus it sharply on the retina.
- Contact Lenses: Similar to eyeglasses, contact lenses can effectively correct astigmatism. Toric contact lenses are specifically designed for this purpose.
- Refractive Surgery: Procedures like LASIK or PRK can permanently correct astigmatism by reshaping the cornea.
Does Astigmatism Always Need Correction?
Not necessarily. Mild astigmatism may not require correction, especially if it doesn't significantly affect vision or cause symptoms. However, if astigmatism is causing blurry vision, headaches, or eye strain, correction is usually recommended to improve visual comfort and quality of life.
Can Astigmatism Be Prevented?
There's no proven way to prevent astigmatism, as it's often due to genetic factors and developmental processes. However, protecting your eyes from injuries is essential to reduce the risk of astigmatism developing or worsening due to trauma.
What Should I Do if I Think My Astigmatism is Getting Worse?
Regular comprehensive eye exams are vital, especially if you have a history of astigmatism. If you notice a sudden change in your vision, such as increased blurriness or distortion, schedule an appointment with your eye doctor immediately. They can evaluate your vision, determine if your astigmatism has worsened, and adjust your correction as needed. Early detection and management can help prevent further complications.
This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with an ophthalmologist or optometrist for diagnosis and treatment of any eye condition.
